Digital Graffiti
Graffiti:
pl.
of graffito. |
2. |
(used with a
plural verb)
markings,
as initials, slogans, or drawings, written, spray-painted, or sketched on a
sidewalk, wall of a building or public restroom, or the like: These graffiti are evidence of the neighborhood's decline. |
3. |
(used with a
singular verb)
such
markings as a whole or as constituting a particular group: Not much graffiti appears around here these days. |
Origin:
1850–55; < It, pl. of graffito
incised inscription or design, deriv. with -ito -ite 2 of
graffiare to scratch, perh. influenced by
presumed L *graphīre to write; both prob.
deriv. of L graphium stylus < Gk grapheîon; cf.
A brief overview of the history,
theory and practice of graffiti
Graffiti as
a means of cultural expression which many times expresses resistance.
Ancient graffiti
Ancient graffiti from Wadi Rum in southwest Jordan, a valley cut into the
sandstone and granite rock
Graffiti
tells us things that history books and records kept by scribes do not. They
tell us about the character of a people that have long since passed into
history.
Ancient Graffiti on the walls of Pompeii http://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Latin_Vulgar/Texts/Pompeii_Graffiti.html
Contemporary Graffiti:
Graffiti
challenges mainstream notions of what counts as art, what counts as public
space, and what counts as property.
http://csdt.rpi.edu/subcult/grafitti/culture/index.html
Graffiti
becomes accepted artform:
Keith haring
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MR-MbMDmq4w
Grafitti in
Japan: RACKGAKI –
Japanese Graffiti Culture
Graffiti Research Lab
http://graffitiresearchlab.com/?page_id=6#video
James
Powderly founder Graffiti Research Lab
Sol Lewitt: wall drawings
http://www.wcma.org/modules/LeWitt/index.html
Wallpaper Lab: Ron Keyson http://wallpaperlab.com/
digital projection and other emerging,
non-permanent forms of graffiti. (Photon Bombing, Guerilla Projection, Urban
Projection)
World Builder
by BranitVFX
Related
articles:
http://motionographer.com/2009/03/05/bruce-branit-world-builder/
http://shapeandcolour.wordpress.com/2009/03/03/bruce-branit-world-builder/
http://www.rexduffdixon.com/2009/03/04/world-builder-by-bruce-branit/
Lens:
Showcase: The Walls Speak
By Tim Hetherington
The dreadful strife of existence on Liberia, Tim
Hetherington has found, can be measured by the vivid and sometimes violent
graffiti left behind.
http://www.wired.com/geekdad/2009/06/digital-graffiti-festival/
http://www.computerarts.co.uk/in_depth/features/digital_graffiti
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Screening:
Kroystof Wodzesko
http://www.pbs.org/art21/artists/wodiczko/
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Studio:
- picking a site: what you say and where
you say it
- Expressive gesture with digital drawing
stylus: work with gestures and see what images or patters you make
-
Then tile your image
How to create seamless tiled
images:
You may
need seamlessly tiling textures for website backgrounds, 3D mapping, and other design
projects. To create these seamless tiles
you will need to match the edges of your images so that when you repeat the
individual image by putting it next to itself you shouldn't be
able to tell the pieces from each other. This tutorial uses a continuous toned
image, like a photograph, but the same principles apply if you are using images
like colored line art or logos.
To create such a seamless tiling texture in Photoshop first you need to crop a
good area from your texture image.
Let's create a tile from scratch!
Although a self-tiling image can be non-square, it is much harder to accurately proof. I also always start with an image size based on a power of 2 (i.e. 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 = 16). Why? There are two main reasons, the first being that many of Photoshop's filters (most notably Clouds) will create already seamless tiles, but only if the original image is based on a power of 2. Secondly, powers of two are easy to manage and check. Also powers of 2 are useful for 3d mapping textures. Even your monitor resolution is based on a power of two.
SIMPLE: Then use the Filter>
Other> Offset command and fix the visible edges with the stamp and
healing brush tools.
You should repeat this same procedure several times until your image is tiling
perfectly and no edges are visible.
At this point you can save your image as a high quality jpeg or gif image.
Otherwise you can create a pattern to be used in PS by selecting
Edit> Define Pattern. You can fill an area with this pattern if you
select Edit> Fill and select Pattern from the Contents menu and
choose
the newly created custom pattern.
We start by creating two new images: one that will tile, and one that we will use to check the work.
Go to File >> New
This will be our tile. Under image
size, type in your image dimensions. 256 x 256 is a
good one to start with. Make sure that you're using pixels as a unit of
measurement, and that your image resolution is 72 dpi. Work in RGB color space
initially (Image>Mode>rgb)
For checking the pattern, create
another image, using all of the same settings except for size. Input a file
size that is some multiple of your tile. For example, a tile that is 256 by 256
pixels might have a "checking" file of 1536
by 1536 pixels. This will repeat the tile six times across and six times
down, and will give you a good idea of what the resulting pattern will look
like.
Now let's get tricky.
Go to File >> Preferences
Choose Guides and Grid
Set up your guides to show you where
the edges of your tile are when repeated in on our checking file. Taking our
256 by 256 pixel example, we would set up a gridline every 256 pixels, and
maybe a subdivision of 2, to show where the center of the tile is. Choose a
style and a color that you are comfortable with.
To view your guides (or turn them
off), choose View >> Show Grid
Step
Two: The Tile
You can start by picking a base
color, and then going to
Edit >> Fill, choosing the foreground color.
I then reset my colors to the
default of black and white (select "D" on the keyboard), and chose Filter
>> Render >> Clouds, which renders a fractal image using the
foreground and background colors on top of whatever color may already be
present.
To give the tile some interest, I
then chose Filter >> Texture >> Texturizer and chose the
preset of Sandstone, playing with the settings there.
Edit >> Fill
Filter >> Render >>
Clouds
Filter >> Texture >>
Texturizer
Step
Three: Getting it Seamless
First I duplicate the layer I'm
working on:
(Layer >> Duplicate Layer)
Then I choose Filter >>
Other >> Offset, choosing offset values 50% of my texture's
dimensions (in this case 256 X 256). I also make sure that "wrap
around" is selected.
At this point it's now easy to edit
out any seams that are visible, by erasing to the image below. You can also use
the rubberstamp tool to paint back in areas. As you can see from the example
image, I create a very rough cross shape, trying not to make the cross shape
too obvious. This helps eliminate those annoying horizontal and vertical lines
that you will see in many patterns across the web.
Filter >> Other >>
Offset
A very rough cross shape
Step
Four: Check Your Work
Now let's make this baby sing!
To have Photoshop make a pattern,
first go to Select >> Select All. With everything selected (it
doesn't matter what layer is active, only what's visible), go to Edit
>> Define Pattern.
Now let's switch to our checking
document or you can simply increase your canvass size
using:
(Image>Canvas
Size>8.5 x 11”) make sure your background is white
or clear (whichever you prefer for your pattern)
Choose Edit >> Fill. Select
the "Fill with pattern” option.
Voila! Your image is tiled.
Turn your grid on to see where your
edges are. View >> Show Grid
Edit >> Fill (Select "Fill with Pattern " )
Now at this point I generally go
back and work on the tile image until I've reduced as much of the obvious
patterning as possible. If you are finished at this point, flatten your image (choose
Layer options, and select flatten) and save it as your file of choice.
Other tutorials on seamless pattern
tiling images:
http://www.myjanee.com/tuts/tilings/tilings.htm
How
a Turn a Texture into a Seamlessly Tiled Background
- Tiling and
printing There are a number of ways to do this: see which of the following work
for you:
*
When ready to print: go to cmyk (Image>Mode>cmyk)
at 300 dpi (Image>Image size>300ppi) (make sure Scale Styles, Constrain Proportions and Resample
Image are checked. Also use Bicubic (best for smooth gradients) interpolation.
For more info on interpolation please see:
http://help.adobe.com/en_US/Photoshop/11.0/WSfd1234e1c4b69f30ea53e41001031ab64-793ca.html
* Check to see if your printer has a Poster or Tile
function. Many do and will do it for you. Should appear in the Printer
Properties.
* InDesign
and even Illustrator have the ability to "tile" the printed output
exactly in the way you need. Take the Photoshop document into one of those to
do the job. They also compensate for the fact that most printers don't print to
the edge of the sheet by automating the necessary overlap needed when
assembling the composite poster.
* For Mac users: http://www.macupdate.com/info.php/id/20738/posterazor
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Project:
Create
a wall of digital wallpaper which reflects ideas you have about that area. You
start by creating an image (it can be either realistic or abstract). Make a seamless
pattern out of it and then print it out using at least 4 x 4 x 4, 8.5” tiling prints (16 total) and install it
in a particular place which dialogs with your design in some way. It could be
in a room, a hallway, a forgotten place somewhere. (Please do not harm the
surface you are working upon in any way.) You can use soft tack to adhere your
digital graffiti. (Or you can project your digital graffiti if you have access
to a data projector.)
Deliverables:
One of each of the following:
*Texture: 256 by 256 pixels
at 72 ppi
*Tiled "checking"
file: 1536 by 1536 pixels at 72 ppi
*Installation image: 1024 x
682 at 72 ppi
Grading
Criteria:
1.
Assignment completed on-time
2. Adherence
to the size and file format specifications
3.
Appropriate use of tools.
4.
Exploration and application of creative tools in Photoshop
5. Quality
and clarity of class presentation
6.The
quality of the dialog you set up with your installed texture graffiti
7. Quality
of your texture file